无氰铜-锌-锡合金电镀工艺的研究

介绍了一种新型的无氰铜-锌-锡合金电镀工艺。确定了该工艺的最佳配方为:Sn2+1.5~2.0g/L,Cu2+6.5~8.5g/L,Zn2+3.8~5.0g/L,DS6008A400~600g/L,DS6008B200~300g/(kA·h),25~35℃,pH值6~7,0.4~0.8A/dm2。同时对镀液性能和镀层性能进行了测试。     

不对称金纳米结构的光致热增强效应的调控研究

提出了一种产生光致热增强效应的不对称的人工金 纳米结构,建立了物理模型并进行了计算。采用离散偶极近似(DDA)方法计算水介质环境中 该结构及其不对称性改变后对吸收光谱及近区电磁场分布的影响,进而 利用傅里叶热传导定律数值模拟了该结构产生的热增强效应。结果表明:改变纳米结构的不 对称程度会明显影响结 构的光谱吸收位置、线型和峰值强度;同时,通过调节纳米结构的不对称性也可以有效地将 磁场能转化为热能,并 在结构周围形成高度限定的局域热增强现象。本文提出的纳米结构可在较大的近红外波段范 围内调控温度,可作为纳米尺度 下精确控制光致热效应的温度和设计热等离子纳米器件之参考。     

Numerical simulation of the effect of gold doping on the resistance to neutron irradiation of silicon diodes

We have carried out a numerical simulation of the effect of gold doping on the electrical characteristics of long silicon diodes exposed to neutron irradiation. The aim is to investigate the effect of gold on the hardness of the irradiated diodes. The reverse current voltage and capacitance voltage characteristics of doped and undoped diodes are calculated for different irradiation doses. The leakage current and the effective doping density are extracted from these two characteristics respectively. The hardness of the diodes is evaluated from the evolution of the leakage current and the effective doping density with irradiation doses. It was found that diodes doped with gold are less sensitive to irradiation than undoped ones. Thus gold appears to stabilise the electrical properties on irradiation. The conduction mechanism is studied by the evolution of the current with temperature. The evaluated activation energy indicates that as the gold doping or irradiation dose increases, the current switches from the basic diffusion to the generation-recombination process, and that it can even become ohmic for very high gold densities or irradiation doses.     

金尾矿蒸压加气混凝土水化机理和微观结构分析

为明确金尾矿蒸压加气混凝土制品的水化机理和微观结构的内在关系,通过对比硬化坯体(NAC)、蒸压恒温养护0 h(AAC-0)和蒸压恒温养护8 h(AAC-8)的3组样品的XRD谱、IR谱图分析其水化产物种类的变化,并对比SEM照片分析了其微观结构变化.研究结果表明,随着蒸压养护过程的进行,坯体内的水化产物出现阶段性变化,最终由富钙型水化硅酸钙向托贝莫来石转化,由于托贝莫来石生成的局限性和同步性,导致微观孔壁结构出现明显的分层现象,后生成的托贝莫来石层使孔结构成为中空的刚性球,作为"骨料",起到骨架和支撑的作用.     

Selective Patterning of Gold Surfaces by Core/Shell,Semisoft Hybrid Nanoparticles

The generation of patterned surfaces with well‐defined nano‐ and microdomains is demonstrated by attaching core/shell, semisoft nanoparticles with narrow size distribution to microdomains of a gold‐coated silicon wafer. Near monodisperse nanoparticles are prepared using reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, initiated from a silica surface, to prepare a polystyrene shell around a silica core. The particles are then used as‐prepared, or after aminolysis of the terminal thiocarbonyl group of the polystyrene shell, to give thiol‐terminated nanoparticles. When gold‐coated silicon wafers are immersed into very dilute suspensions of these particles (as low as 0.004 wt%), both types of particles are shown to adhere to the gold domains. The thiolated particles adhere selectively to the gold microdomains, allowing for microdomain patterning, while particles that contain the trithiocarbonate functionality lead to a much more even coverage of the gold surface with fewer particle aggregations.     

Simple and Rapid High‐Yield Synthesis and Size Sorting of Multibranched Hollow Gold Nanoparticles with Highly Tunable NIR Plasmon Resonances

Branched gold nanoparticles with sharp tips are considered excellent candidates for sensing and field enhancement applications. Here, a rapid and simple synthesis strategy is presented that generates highly branched gold nanoparticles with hollow cores and a ca.100% yield through a simple one‐pot seedless reaction at room temperature in the presence of Triton X‐100. It is shown that multibranched hollow gold nanoparticles of tunable dimensions, branch density and branch length can be obtained by adjusting the concentrations of the reactants. Insights into the formation mechanism point toward an aggregative type of growth involving hollow core formation first, and branching thereafter. The pronounced near‐infrared (NIR) plasmon band of the nanoparticles is due to the combined contribution from hollowness and branching, and can be tuned over a wide range (≈700–2000 nm). It is also demonstrated that the high environmental sensitivity of colloidal dispersions based on multibranched hollow gold nanoparticles can be boosted even further by separating the nanoparticles into fractions of given sizes and improved monodispersity by means of a glycerol density gradient. The possibility to obtain highly monodisperse multibranched hollow gold nanoparticles with predictable dimensions (50–300 nm) and branching and, therefore, tailored NIR plasmonic properties, highlights their potential for theranostic applications.     

A Multifunctional Nanoplatform for Imaging,Radiotherapy, and the Prediction of Therapeutic Response

Gold nanoparticles have garnered interest as both radiosensitzers and computed tomography (CT) contrast agents. However, the extremely high concentrations of gold required to generate CT contrast is far beyond that needed for meaningful radiosensitization, which limits their use as combined therapeutic–diagnostic (theranostic) agents. To establish a theranostic nanoplatform with well‐aligned radiotherapeutic and diagnostic properties for better integration into standard radiation therapy practice, a gold‐ and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)‐loaded micelle (GSM) is developed. Intravenous injection of GSMs into tumor‐bearing mice led to selective tumoral accumulation, enabling magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of tumor margins. Subsequent irradiation leads to a 90‐day survival of 71% in GSM‐treated mice, compared with 25% for irradiation‐only mice. Furthermore, measurements of the GSM‐enhanced MR contrast are highly predictive of tumor response. Therefore, GSMs may not only guide and enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy, but may allow patients to be managed more effectively.